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Sauces & ratios

Béchamel and Cheese Sauce Calculator

Choose the dish and how many people for the sauce quantities.

Answer

800ml milk, 50g butter, 50g flour

Enough for lasagne for 4 people.

Weigh out

Milk800 ml
Butter50 g
Plain flour50 g

What to do

  1. 1Melt 50g butter, stir in 50g flour and cook for 2 minutes.
  2. 2Add 800ml milk a splash at a time, beating smooth between each addition.
  3. 3Simmer gently for 5 minutes, stirring, until it coats the back of a spoon.
  4. 4Season with salt, pepper and a scrape of nutmeg.

Worth knowing

  • Enough to spread between layers and cover the top.
  • Béchamel is a roux plus milk. Equal butter and flour, then milk added slowly.
  • Take the pan off the heat before the cheese goes in. Boiled cheese turns stringy and greasy.
  • A bay leaf and a few peppercorns warmed in the milk make a noticeable difference for very little effort.

Source: Classic sauce ratios as taught in standard UK cookery references · Reviewed 2026-09-10 · Guidance version 1.0.0

Reference and detail

Different dishes need different amounts

Lasagne needs enough to cover every layer generously; a gratin topping needs far less. Guessing is why lasagne so often comes out dry at the edges.

Take it off the heat before the cheese

Boiled cheese goes stringy and releases its fat. Off the heat and stirred in at the end, it stays smooth.

Season it more than you expect

Milk-based sauces need salt, pepper and a scrape of nutmeg to taste of anything. Taste it before it goes into the dish, not after.

Questions and answers

Questions about béchamel sauce quantities

How much béchamel sauce do I need per person?

Enter the number of people and the dish above for a total. A pouring sauce over fish or gammon needs the least per person; a dish like macaroni cheese or cauliflower cheese, where the sauce is the point, needs considerably more.

What is the difference between a thin and a thick béchamel?

The ratio of roux to liquid. A thin, pouring béchamel uses the least butter and flour per 500ml of milk; a thick béchamel for a fish pie base or croquettes uses roughly double, and sets much firmer once cooled.

Roux Calculator

Why has my béchamel gone lumpy?

The milk was added too quickly, or too cold, before the roux was smooth. Add the milk gradually, off the heat, whisking continuously, and it will come back together.

How much cheese do I add to a cheese sauce?

Enter the volume of béchamel and the dish above for a suggested amount per litre. Cauliflower cheese and macaroni cheese both take a generous quantity, since the cheese carries much of the flavour.